Android consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel 2.6 and Linux Kernel 3.x (Android 4.0 onwards), with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C and application software running on an application framework which includes Java-compatible libraries based on Apache Harmony. Android uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just-in-time compilation to run Dalvik dex-code (Dalvik Executable), which is usually translated from Java bytecode.The main hardware platform for Android is the ARM architecture.
Google has made many changes in Android's Linux Kernel. Android does not support the full set of standard GNU libraries making it difficult to port existing Linux applications or libraries to Android.
Linux included the autosleep and wakelocks capabilities in the 3.5 kernel, after many previous attempts at merger. The interfaces are the same but the upstream Linux implementation allows for two different suspend modes: to memory (the traditional suspend that android uses), and to disk (hibernate, as it is known on the desktop).In August 2011, Linus Torvalds said that "eventually Android and Linux would come back to a common kernel, but it will probably not be for four to five years".In December 2011, Greg Kroah-Hartman announced the start of the Android Mainlining Project, which aims to put some Android drivers, patches and features back into the Linux kernel, starting in Linux 3.3. further integration being expected for Linux Kernel 3.4.
Android devices users are not given root access to the operating system due to security reasons. Many sensitive partitions like /system are read only for the device owners. To get root access to the device , one can use security flaws in android but this should be done carefully as the important files may get corrupt. Open Source community uses these flaws to enhance the device capabilities. These can also be used to install malicious software or virus.
Reference: Wikipedia
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| Android System Architecture |
Linux included the autosleep and wakelocks capabilities in the 3.5 kernel, after many previous attempts at merger. The interfaces are the same but the upstream Linux implementation allows for two different suspend modes: to memory (the traditional suspend that android uses), and to disk (hibernate, as it is known on the desktop).In August 2011, Linus Torvalds said that "eventually Android and Linux would come back to a common kernel, but it will probably not be for four to five years".In December 2011, Greg Kroah-Hartman announced the start of the Android Mainlining Project, which aims to put some Android drivers, patches and features back into the Linux kernel, starting in Linux 3.3. further integration being expected for Linux Kernel 3.4.
Android devices users are not given root access to the operating system due to security reasons. Many sensitive partitions like /system are read only for the device owners. To get root access to the device , one can use security flaws in android but this should be done carefully as the important files may get corrupt. Open Source community uses these flaws to enhance the device capabilities. These can also be used to install malicious software or virus.
Reference: Wikipedia
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